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Car Care Glossary
The words mechanics use, explained in plain English — so nothing goes over your head.
Alternator
The part that generates electricity while the engine runs and keeps the battery charged. When it fails, the battery goes flat even though it is fine.
Battery
Stores electricity to start the engine and run the electronics. It is recharged by the alternator.
Radiator
A grid of thin tubes at the front that releases engine heat into the air. Coolant flows through it.
Coolant (Antifreeze)
The fluid that carries heat away from the engine and prevents freezing in winter. Usually checked in a plastic reservoir.
Head gasket
The seal between the engine block and the cylinder head. When it fails, coolant and oil can mix, causing serious, costly damage.
Transmission
The part that manages how engine power reaches the wheels, so you can accelerate smoothly at different speeds.
Serpentine belt
A single long belt that drives several accessories — alternator, power steering, A/C. If it breaks, several systems stop at once.
Brake pads
Friction material that squeezes the rotor to slow the car. They wear down over time and are meant to be replaced.
Brake rotors (discs)
The shiny metal discs the brake pads press against. They can warp or wear thin and may need machining or replacing.
Calipers
The clamp that pushes the brake pads against the rotor. A sticking caliper can drag and overheat.
Spark plugs
Small parts that create the spark to ignite fuel in the engine. Worn plugs can cause rough running and lower fuel economy.
Starter
An electric motor that spins the engine so it can start. A failed starter usually means clicking or no crank at all.
Fuel pump
Moves fuel from the tank to the engine. A weak pump can cause stalling, hesitation, or a no-start.
Oil filter
Traps dirt and metal bits so clean oil reaches the engine. Usually replaced with every oil change.
Cabin filter
Filters the air coming into the passenger cabin. A clogged one can reduce A/C airflow and bring in odors.
Engine air filter
Filters the air going into the engine. A dirty one can hurt performance and fuel economy.
Suspension
The springs, shocks, and links that keep the car stable and comfortable over bumps.
Alignment
Adjusting the wheels so they point the correct direction. Bad alignment causes uneven tire wear and pulling.
CV axle
A shaft with flexible joints that delivers power to a driven wheel. A torn boot or worn joint causes clicking on turns.
Wheel bearing
Lets the wheel spin smoothly. A failing one hums or rumbles that grows with speed.
Catalytic converter
Cleans the exhaust gases. A failing one can trigger a check-engine light and cost a lot to replace.
Check-engine code
A stored number the car's computer sets when something is out of range — like P0420. A scan reads the code; it is a clue, not the repair.
